re = /\\(ref){eq:(.*?)}/m
str = '\\ref{eq:0And1Qubit} hjhg
\\ref{eq:EulerForm}the state is measured, as it can be shown $|\\rho e^{i\\theta}|^2=\\rho^2$ ($i$ is always the imaginary unit in this report). In other words, it is not possible to measure the global phase. The description of $\\ket{q}$ can then be confined to $\\alpha,\\beta,\\phi\\in\\mathbb{R}$, where $\\phi$ is the relative phase $\\phi=\\theta_\\beta-\\theta_\\alpha$.'
subst = '\\\\eqref{eq:$2}'
result = str.gsub(re, subst)
# Print the result of the substitution
puts result
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Ruby, please visit: http://ruby-doc.org/core-2.2.0/Regexp.html