$re = '/((?<!<[^>]*)> ((\d{1,}\.|-|\/\/|\%\%|\#) )?(\[[x ]\] )?)/m';
$str = '> - 测试
> - [ ] 测试
> - [x] 测试
> 1. 测试
> 2. [ ] 测试
> 2. [x] 测试
>
> - (✅)测试
> - [ ] (✅)测试
> - [x] (✅)测试
> 1. (✅)测试
> 2. [ ] (✅)测试
> 2. [x] (✅)测试
>
> 测试
> - 测试
> - [ ] 测试
> - [x] 测试
> <mark style="background: #ffcc33aa;">demo</mark> 测试
> // 测试
> %% 测试 %%
';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php