use strict;
my $str = 'arn:aws:iam::389617777922:root';
my $regex = qr/^.*:(\d+):(root|(user\/.*))$/ip;
my $subst = '$1';
my $result = $str =~ s/$regex/$subst/r;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html