$re = '/# Keys are pretty much "any text before the \'=\' symbol"
(?P<key>[^=]+)
# Match the \'=\' symbol
=
(?P<value>
# Lazy match
.*?
# Look-ahead (don\'t move the "regex cursor", just "peek forward")
(?=
# Match a \'_\' that has no other \'_\' between it and the \'=\' character, or...
_[^_=\n]+=
|
# ... or the end of the line
$
)
)
# Actually "consume" the \'_\' character if it exists (or just match the end-of-line)
(?:_|$)/mx';
$str = 'str=string_number=12345_device=phone_color=blue
color=aqua_marine_name=matt_number=123_456_879_lastname=blahblah';
$subst = "\1 = \2\n";
$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);
echo "The result of the substitution is ".$result;
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php