use strict;
my $str = 'reflectance_7_myd21a1_emissivity_29
reflectance_7_myd21a1_emissivity_29_savitzkygolay
reflectance_7_myd21a1_emissivity_31
reflectance_7_myd21a1_emissivity_31_savitzkygolay
reflectance_3_myd21a1_emissivity_32
reflectance_2_myd21a1_emissivity_32_savitzkygolay
reflectance_1_mcd43a3_albedo_bsa_band1
reflectance_3_mcd43a3_albedo_bsa_band2
reflectance_7_mcd43a3_albedo_bsa_nir
reflectance_7_mcd43a3_albedo_bsa_shortwave
reflectance_7_mcd43a3_albedo_bsa_vis
reflectance_7_mcd43a3_albedo_wsa_band1
reflectance_7_mcd43a3_albedo_wsa_band2
reflectance_7_mcd43a3_albedo_wsa_nir
reflectance_7_mcd43a3_albedo_wsa_shortwave
reflectance_7_mcd43a3_albedo_wsa_vis';
my $regex = qr`(^reflectance_\d_)(\S*)$`mp;
my $subst = '($1)vs_$2';
my $result = $str =~ s`$regex`$subst`rg;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html