$re = '/((AND|OR|NOT)( ))?([a-z_A-Z0-9]*):("\w+.*"|\w+(:?\w+))/m';
$str = 'homo sapiens AND curationstatus:"Manually curated" AND modellingapproach:"Ordinary differential equation model"
test AND UNIPROT:23456 AND metabolism AND heart AND TAXONOMY:40674 AND curation:"Non curated" AND GO:GO:34212 AND publication:23444 AND modellingapproach:"logical model" AND cancer
modelformat:"SBML" AND modelformat:"SBML" AND modellingapproach:"Ordinary differential equation model" AND TAXONOMY:9606
*:* AND modelformat:"SBML" AND modellingapproach:"Ordinary differential equation model" AND TAXONOMY:9606 AND TAXONOMY:10090
*:* AND disease:"Lung Adenocarcinoma" AND cancer AND tumor';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php